Journal of Geography and Natural Resources

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF IRRIGATION WATER USE IN THE LOWER AHANGARAN REGION

Dilshod Dostnazarov — 2026-05-07

The article analyzes the theoretical and methodological foundations for assessing the efficiency of irrigation water use in the Lower Ahangaran region through an integrated geographical, hydrological, geoecological, and economic approach. The study considers the formation of water resources, their spatial distribution, the efficiency coefficient of irrigation networks, water losses, crop water requirements, water-saving technologies, and management mechanisms as an interconnected system. The relevance of the topic is substantiated by the objectives of the Concept for the Development of the Water Management Sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020–2030, the large-scale introduction of water-saving technologies, the modernization of irrigation infrastructure, and adaptation to climate change. The findings indicate that, under the conditions of the Lower Ahangaran region, improving water use efficiency requires basin-based management, digital monitoring, GIS-based assessment, more accurate water accounting, and the adjustment of crop structure to the territorial water potential.

PLANTS OF THE MOLGUZAR MOUNTAIN RANGE

Bakhtiyor Yakubovich Zikirov — 2026-02-16

The Malguzar Ridge (Jizzakh Region, Uzbekistan) has been thoroughly studied in terms of its vegetation cover and flora. A total of 1237 plant species have been recorded in the area, with their distribution determined by altitudinal zones and slope exposure. On northern slopes, vegetation biomass increases from 2 to 7.5 t/ha, while on southern slopes it does not exceed 2.7 t/ha. Ephemerals and ephemeroids, perennial herbs, shrubs, and juniper stands form the main component of the regional flora. The article is devoted to the issues of sustainable use of plant resources and conservation of biological diversity.

ANALYSIS OF THE INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF RED DATA BOOK PLANT SPECIES IN THE LOWER ZARAFSHAN NATURAL GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRICT BY YEARS

Anvar Bakhodirovich Rasulov — 2026-05-07

This article analyzes the increase in the number of plant species included in the Red Data Book of the Republic of Uzbekistan within the Lower Zarafshan natural geographical district by years as a geoecological indicator of biodiversity. The study is based on the Red Data Book of the Republic of Uzbekistan, materials on the current state of the flora of the Lower Zarafshan district, and scientific literature on sustainable development, environmental security, and the rational use of natural resources. The article substantiates that the increase in the number of plant species included in the Red Data Book is associated, on the one hand, with the deepening of botanical research and the improvement of species inventory, and, on the other hand, with growing anthropogenic pressure, pasture degradation, expansion of irrigated lands, desertification, soil salinization, water scarcity, and landscape disturbance in the region. In the Lower Zarafshan natural geographical district, rare species such as snake-leaved onion, Turkestan zulfiya, soft-haired calligonum, Mattey’s calligonum, Paletsky’s calligonum, throat-haired eremostachys, and Sogdian cousinia are of particular ecological importance. The results of the study show that the increase in the number of plants included in the Red Data Book is not merely a statistical rise, but an important indicator of declining ecological stability in territorial ecosystems, shrinking natural habitats, and intensifying geoecological risk.

METHODOLOGY FOR ORGANIZING INTERDISCIPLINARY INTEGRATION IN GEOGRAPHY EDUCATION BASED ON THE STEAM APPROACH

Surayyo Abdusalomovna Haydarova — 2026-06-08

This article analyzes the methodological opportunities for organizing interdisciplinary integration in geography education based on the STEAM approach.

In Uzbekistan’s education system, increasing attention is being paid to the competency-based approach, digital education, and practice-oriented teaching. However, clear methodological mechanisms for the systematic organization of STEAM-based interdisciplinary integration in geography lessons have not yet been sufficiently developed. Therefore, this article highlights the methodological foundations of applying the STEAM approach in geography education, the stages of its use in the lesson process, and the criteria for designing educational tasks.

THE NEED TO COMPILE AN UZBEK–ENGLISH DICTIONARY OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

Bakhtiyor Zikirov — 2026-04-07

This article highlights the theoretical foundations for compiling an Uzbek–English dictionary in the field of physical geography, the criteria for selecting terms, the principles of translation, and the methodological stages of dictionary compilation. It also analyzes issues such as interdisciplinary integration, scientific accuracy, and compliance with international terminology in the process of dictionary development.

GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF ORGANIZATION OF SPORTS AND EXTREME TOURISM IN BAKMAL DISTRICT

Mashrab Rustamovich Usmanov — 2026-02-16

This study presents proposals and recommendations for the development of the fascinating mountains, historical monuments and sacred sites of the Bakhmal district, accommodation facilities, sports tourism, international competitions in extreme tourism, the "Sakayra" international competition with the participation of young people from foreign countries at the “Mogol” MFE, extreme mountain tourism in the village of Jom-Jom every year, and sports tourism infrastructure.

PROPORTIONALITY BETWEEN TYPES OF ANCIENT HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES AND THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATION

Asror Nizamov — 2026-05-07

This article analyzes the proportional relationship between the geographical distribution of atmospheric precipitation in Uzbekistan and the types of ancient hydraulic structures on the basis of historical-geographical and physical-geographical approaches. The study examines the seasonal unevenness of precipitation, the formation of temporary runoff in desert and foothill areas, and the spatial distribution of qoqs, sardobas, reservoirs and other water-collecting and water-storage facilities. Special attention is paid to the influence of snow cover, relief, solar radiation, evaporation and infiltration processes on the geography of ancient water-supply systems. As a result, ancient hydraulic structures are interpreted as a historical-geographical system adapted to natural and climatic conditions and aimed at the rational use of local water resources.

ORGRAPHIC STRUCTURE AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOUTHWESTERN HISOR MOUNTAIN AND FOOTHILL REGIONS

Ruslan Allayorov — 2026-05-29

This article presents a comprehensive geographical analysis of the orographic structure and geomorphological characteristics of the Southwestern Hisor mountain and foothill regions based on an integrated geographical approach. The study examines the geographical location of the area, the spatial distribution of mountain ranges and foothill plains, altitudinal differentiation and their formation, as well as the morphometric parameters of the mountain ranges belonging to the Southwestern Hisor system, including watersheds, valleys, and the interrelation of foothill relief forms. In addition, the research investigates the influence of tectonic movements, lithological composition, and exogenous geomorphological processes on the formation of the region’s relief. The role of erosion, denudation, proluvial and deluvial processes in shaping the present landscape is analyzed, along with the formation features of alluvial fan-shaped deposits in the foothill areas.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR USING EMPLOYMENT MODELS OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF UZBEKISTAN

Elbek Kamolov — 2026-04-07

This article analyzes the concept of employment as an economic category. It examines models of employment and labor market regulation in developed countries and highlights the possibilities of using these countries’ experiences to increase socially necessary employment of the population and reduce unemployment in our country.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN JIZAKH REGION

Mashrab Rustamovich Usmanov — 2026-04-05

This article provides detailed information about the fact that tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors in the current period of rapid growth, the state programs adopted for the development of tourism in 2020-2025, the potential of ecological tourism, the ecotourism direction of Zamin, Bakhmal, and Forish districts, pilgrimage tourism, the main goals of the development of the tourism sector until 2030, gastronomic tourism, accommodation facilities, and important aspects of further development of tourism in the Jizzakh region.